Method and system for saving and retrieving spatial related information

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for storing, referencing, retrieving, and graphically displaying spatial and non-spatial related information of a mobile computing device, such as a laptop computer or a cellular telephone. The spatial-related information may be obtained by using positioning tracking systems such as a global positioning system, whereas the non-spatial related information may include communication activities associated with the mobile computing device, such as phone calls, e-mails, text messages, pages, etc. The present invention also provides methods and apparatus of sharing event information between mobile communication devices as well as related navigational information for traveling to an event from a real-time position of a mobile communication device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present invention is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/781,087 filed Feb. 17, 2004, which claims the benefit under 35 USC119(e) of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/447,567 filedFeb. 14, 2003, the contents of both which are incorporated by referenceherein.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of Invention

The present invention is directed to a navigational method and systemfor 1). storing spatial and non-spatial related information; 2).referencing or linking spatial and non-spatial related information(i.e., stop points, images, forms, e-mail or instant messages, voicerecordings, waypoints, etc.); 3). retrieving both spatial andnon-spatial related information; 4). graphically displaying spatial andnon-spatial related information in a temporal or indexed format; 5).utilizing spatial and non-spatial related information with a route ortrip planner; and 6). allowing the capability to share spatial andnon-spatial related information amongst multiple users.

2. Description of the Related Art

Computerized mapping software is achieving widespread use today. Suchmapping programs are commonly used to automate tasks of calculatingroutes, viewing location-specific geographical areas for their spatialcontent, such as addresses, roadways, rivers, etc., and for the purposeof being used with Global Positioning System (GPS) devices for variousapplications, such as a personal navigation application. Mappingsoftware programs apply to a wide variety of uses, such as personalnavigation, telematics, thematic mapping, resource planning, routing,fleet tracking, safety dispatching (i.e., Police, Fire, and Rescueorganizations), and a wide variety of specialized Geographic InformationSystem (GIS) applications, all of which are well known to people skilledin the art.

Real-time communication networks today also provide the ability totransfer, in real-time, voice and data information from various mobiledevices, such as wireless phones, telemetry devices, or the like, to amultitude of other devices, either mobile or stationary, all of whichare well known to people that are skilled in the art. For example, GPSdevices that are connected to a wireless MODEM are able to transfertheir position coordinates, such as latitude and longitude, wirelesslyto a computer or server for later retrieval or real-time viewing of saidinformation. Current applications that integrate or combine mapping,real-time communication capabilities, and position devices, for variouscomputing devices are well known to people skilled in the art. Theseapplications are referred to by various terminologies, including, butnot limited to Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), Location-Based Services(LBS), Fleet Tracking Systems, etc., all of which are well known topeople skilled in the art.

Prior art systems, such as AVL systems, typically involve a positioningdevice connected to a wireless MODEM sending location information,amongst other telemetry information, at discrete time intervals to acomputer for the viewing of said information. This monitoring, ortracking, of real-time location information or of location-historyinformation is sometimes referred to as the breadcrumb trail or historyinformation of the mobile device, since it illustrates the currentand/or previous locations that the mobile device has been in space andtime. The problem with prior art is that the ‘breadcrumb’ trail orlocation history information provides the user with either too muchinformation or not enough. When too much information is present, theuser does not realize that such information exists until they requestit. Also, it is important to be able to provide a way for a user toa-priori realize that the time range the user is requesting locationinformation for has little or no data present, which prior art systemsfail to provide. The prior art systems do not provide a graphical way tomaneuver around location history information.

Typically, location history information, or Meta data, has no uniqueassociation to other location relevant data, such as a digitalphotograph that has location information associated with it.Additionally, there is no way for the prior art applications to groupraw location data, typically referred to as detailed location data inthe art, for the purpose of providing a graphical temporal view, such asa Calendar or Gantt view, for access to various types of Meta data,including location-specific and non-location-specific Meta data.

Thus, a need exits for a method and system that allows the ability tostore spatial and non-spatial related Meta data, reference or linkspatial and non-spatial related Meta data, while providing a graphicaldisplay for viewing spatial and non-spatial related information in atemporal or indexed format, such as a Calendar or Gantt view, andprovide a method and system for retrieving both spatial and non-spatialrelated Meta data. This provides many important benefits for GPS-relateddevices, such as GPS-enabled wireless cell phones with integratedcameras, that transmit spatial (i.e., location) and non-spatialinformation (i.e., images, forms, e-mail or instant messages, voicerecordings, waypoints, etc.) for the purpose of utilizing Metainformation in a powerful graphical application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and systemfor storing and retrieving location and/or Meta data, such as stoppoints, images, forms (i.e., work order, questioners, ratings, etc.),messages (i.e., instant, e-mail, etc.), voice recordings, waypoints, orthe like, using a common reference thread, either directly orindirectly, such as presence information that is associated with thesaid location and/or Meta data for either a single or plurality of usersand/or devices. In one embodiment, the thread can be the presence of auser that defines a specified time period. Using this time period range,it is possible to associate and retrieve Meta information, both spatial(i.e., location data) and non-spatial information, contained within thisperiod for either storing or retrieving Meta information. It should beclarified that location data can be classified as Meta data, howeversince this type of information is particularly unique to this invention,it may be explicitly expressed in some instances throughout thisinvention. Location data typically refers to in the art, but is notlimited to, latitude, longitude, and altitude, and may have additionalattributes, such as speed and heading, in addition to various otherfields.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and systemfor graphically displaying and associating location and/or Meta data toa common thread, such as presence information, user information,temporal information, calendar information, or the like, that isassociated with the said location and/or Meta data for either a singleor plurality of users and/or devices. In one embodiment, a presencefield associated with a user signifies the status of a user for aspecified period of time, such as Available, Busy, Away, En Route, Onthe Phone, At Home, At Lunch, or the like. This presence could have beenset either voluntarily (i.e., user interaction), or involuntary (i.e.,autonomously configured) during this specified time period. Within thispresence-defined time period, the user could have collected 1,000 GPSpoints with a GPS receiver, 25 images with a digital camera, 2 voicerecordings using a personal recorder, stopped five times, where a stopis typically defined in the art as maintaining a location within thesame positional area for at least a minimum amount of time (e.g., 2minutes or more), and sent and/or received 5 e-mail or instant messages(IM). To retrieve this information at a later time, or even during thecurrent presence and at the current time, instead of the user beingrequired to remember the exact or approximate start and stop time of thepresence in which all of this information was collected, the user isable to graphically see the presence range along with high level Metadata in either a calendar, Gantt chart view, or other temporal view. Inthis embodiment, the 1,000 GPS points need not all be displayed, since alarge percentage of this information is redundant information, howeverthe images, voice recordings, stops, and e-mail or IM messages could begraphically displayed in connection with the presence information. Inthis embodiment, to retrieve this high-level Meta information, the userneeds only to graphically view and select the temporal and spatiallylinked Meta objects to retrieve or access the specific information, suchas a particular image and its respective position on a map.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and systemfor retrieving location and/or Meta data from a common thread, such aspresence information, user information, temporal information, calendarinformation, or the like, in conjuncture with a graphical display foreither a single or a plurality of users and/or devices. The locationand/or Meta data can either reside on a local storage device and/orremotely on either a server storage device (i.e., client-to-serverconfiguration) or remotely on another client storage device (i.e.,peer-to-peer configuration). Either all of the location and/or Meta datacan be stored locally or a subset of location and/or Meta data can bestored both locally and remotely. In one embodiment, during one hour ofa day a user set his presence to En Route. When the new presence isrecorded, its time, data information, and spatial (i.e., location)information associated with the presence change are recoded. During thathour, 5 stop states were set and 440 GPS locations were also recorded.In this embodiment, every stop state has spatial information, a timestamp, and a time duration associated with the stop. When the usergraphically views this presence, only the presence and the stop statesare graphically illustrated, and not the 440 GPS locations, since mostof these locations points do not provide immediately necessaryinformation as compared to the location information associated with thestop and presence events.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and systemfor graphically displaying, as in a Calendar, Gantt chart view, or othertemporal view, summary information of the location and/or Meta data thatis associated with a common thread, such as presence information, userinformation, temporal information, calendar information, or the like, ora time period that is associated with the said location and/or Meta datafor either a single or plurality of users and/or devices. In oneembodiment, a calendar view displays the entire month of January. Eachday illustrates summary information that is associated with that day fora single or plurality of users and/or devices, and the number of users'viewed and summary information is fully configurable, in variouscombinations, by the user viewing the calendar view. For example, if thecalendar view illustrates a group of 5 users' information, the summaryinformation for a day would illustrate, in this embodiment, thefollowing fields:

-   -   Total Number of Users    -   Total Hours Worked    -   Total Break Time    -   Total Number of Stops    -   Total Stop Time    -   Total Travel Time    -   Total Distance Traveled    -   Total Number of Location Points Recorded    -   Maximum Speed Traveled

In this same embodiment, since each of these fields represent a summaryof the Meta data that is associated with all of these users combined, itis possible to determine this summary information by compiling all ofthe Meta data associated with every user for the time range requested.For example, a day was selected in the previous embodiment; however, inanother embodiment, a range of 12 days can be selected to determine overthat period the summary information of various Meta fields.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and systemfor providing the capability of reducing ‘redundant’ locationinformation or summarizing ‘detailed’ location information using agraphical display in combination with a common thread, such as presenceinformation, user information, temporal information, calendarinformation, or the like, in conjuncture with a graphical display foreither a single or plurality of users and/or devices without reducingthe total information content of the data. Detailed location history,redundant or unique, from a visual standpoint, can be overwhelming andnot entirely useful when displayed either graphically or in a textualcontext.

Detailed location history is typically referred in the art as locationpoints, which are not associated with other Meta data, such as amessage, image, stop, etc. For example, a GPS receiver can send itsposition information (i.e., location Meta data) to a server for storageat various intervals, such as an update every second, however most ofthose location points will be in the same approximate location whetherthe device is stationary or moving, with or without accounting for GPSerror. GPS error, such as Selective Availability (S/A), GPS multipatherror, atmospheric error, datum error, ephemeris error, or other typesof error that bias the actual location of the GPS receiver, is typicallysmall due to advances in GPS receiver designs and implementations, whichis sometimes referred to in the art as assisted GPS or A-GPS.

Displaying a summary of the number of location points for a specificrange of time or in groups of location points in either a Calendar orGantt chart view, can provide a powerful way to visualize the importantMeta data, such as stop locations, images, messages, etc., withoutobfuscating or concealing the actual information contained within thetime range of desired information. This invention provides thecapability to display the summary details of Meta data, such as locationinformation, to the user without reducing the total information contentto the user. In many ways the total information content to the user isincreased, since the user can better utilize and understand the overalldata. The extraneous or redundant Meta data can reside on a localstorage device and/or remotely on either a server storage device (i.e.,client-to-server configuration) or remotely on another client storagedevice (i.e., peer-to-peer configuration). In one embodiment, for agiven presence range, a user collected 1000 location points, had 5 stopevents, and took 3 images with a digital camera. The high-level Metadata associated and displayed in either a calendar view or Gantt viewwould be the start and end of the presence events and their respectedlocation points, the 5 stop events and 3 images in addition to theirrespected location points (i.e., a total of 10 location points includingthe presence events). The detailed 1000 location points need not bedisplayed initially, but only the summary of its information, such asthe total number of location points collected, are displayed since ahigh degree of the useful information conveyed can be illustrated withthe high-level Meta data (i.e., presence events, stops, images, andrespective location points).

The detailed 1000 location points can later be retrieved, in thisembodiment, from the online server if at all necessary. In anotherembodiment, the 1000 location points can be further decimated using afiltering process to combine location points into a similar grouping.For example, the 5 stops events that were recorded are associated withat least a single or, as in this example, many location points. Thisinvention allows only those detailed location points that are associatedwith the specific Meta data, such as a specific or group of stop events,which have a respective time duration (i.e., similar to a presenceduration) or other Meta data that has a temporal range, to be retrieved.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method andsystem for providing a graphical display, including, but not limited toa Calendar view and/or Gantt view, of location and/or Meta data in atemporal format in combination with a common thread, such as presenceinformation, user information, temporal information, calendarinformation, or the like, for either a single or plurality of usersand/or devices.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method andsystem for providing a graphical display of summary informationsummarizing detailed location and/or Meta data for a specific timeperiod or for a provided common thread that indirectly references a timeperiod, such as presence information that is associated with saidlocation and/or Meta data, for either a single or plurality of usersand/or devices. In one embodiment, a stop event or presence eventindirectly references a time period that provides an indirect thread forreferencing a selection of Meta data. In another embodiment, in aCalendar view, selecting a day or group of days can indirectly referencea selection of Meta data, associated for a user/device or group ofusers/devices, that are contained within the selected time period. Inanother embodiment, the summarized location Meta data, such as “stops”,will also display, when available, the nearby Point of Interest (POI)(i.e., restaurants, schools, parks), geographical areas, user contactlist, or the like, that the location Meta data was nearest, thusproviding a more detailed report of the recorded Meta data.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method andsystem for providing the capability of sending, saving to a file,e-mailing, or the like, location and/or Meta data to a single orplurality of users using a common thread, such as presence information,user information, temporal information, calendar information, or thelike, using a graphical display, such as a Calendar or Gantt chart view.By sending this common thread to a single or plurality of users, thesender grants the recipients the same or limited access (“use rights”),such as for a specified or unlimited time period, to informationassociated with this common thread. The actual information content neednot be all transferred at once, since only the common thread andaccompanying security information are necessary to provide access to allof the Meta data content associated with said common thread. Thisassociated Meta data can be stored either on the server (i.e., anydevice other than the originating client that can serve the informationto the recipients) or on the originating client for later access andretrieval, based on the common thread sent to the recipients and the userights associated with the transfer. The use rights associated with thetransfer can limit the time allowed for the recipients to view the Metadata, or provide the sending party the ability to revoke the grantedaccess at any given time.

In another embodiment, a user would save a presence thread to a filethat references various Meta data on a server. The user would thene-mail the said file to another user. This action is similar to sendingthe file directly to the destination user.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a methodand system for providing the ability to retrieve location and/or Metadata using a common thread, such as presence information, userinformation, temporal information, calendar information, or the like,for either a single or plurality of users and/or devices, for thepurpose of using the information towards planning a route. The locationand/or Meta data, summary or detailed, can be added as origin, stop,via, or destination points.

Time duration information for Meta data can also be included forplanning a route. In one embodiment, a presence that has two stopsassociated with it is added to a route planner. The presence start andend times and locations are added as the route origin and routedestination (i.e., end point) in the route planner, and the twoassociated stops are added in between the origin and destination points.Each origin, stop, and destination point includes the location andduration that is associated with each point derived from the locationscontained within the time period specified by this said presence.

This provides a more realistic route report, since the calculateddirection information and total time required to travel this route willbe properly conveyed using this information, which may differ from theactual total time period of the presence, since the calculated route isoptimized using the best possible route (i.e., shortest distance,shortest time, etc.). This information can be further supplemented ifdetailed location information is added to the route planner, since theactual route that was traveled during this presence period can be betterrepresented and reproduced given more information. However, using thisdetailed location information does not necessarily provide an optimizedroute, since the actual route traveled may not equal the optimized routecalculated using only the origin, destination (i.e., route end point),and stop points along the route as opposed to including detailedlocation points. It is yet another object of the present invention toprovide a method and system for providing the ability to synchronizelocation and/or Meta data using a common thread, such as presenceinformation, user information, temporal information, calendarinformation, or the like, for either a single or plurality of usersand/or devices, from an online server to a local or remote computingdevice. This information is originally stored on a server that isconnected to the Internet, Intranet, or Extranet, and accessible by theend client, either via a wired or wireless connection to the Internet,Intranet, or Extranet, for the purpose of synchronizing a subset or theentire set of location and/or Meta data. This allows the mirroring ofthe location and/or Meta data stored on the server onto to the local orremote computing device. The data can be removed or left intact on theoriginating server after the synchronization process has been completed.

It is still another object of the presence invention to provide a methodand system for allowing the synchronization of location and/or Meta froman online server to a local or remote computing device while the localapplication and/or OS is in an idle state or upon a user-initiated,a-priori scheduled request, or any other external (i.e., peripherals) orinternal (i.e., computing events) notifications event.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates the environment of a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention for providing a communication channel between variousdifferent computing devices for this invention;

FIG. 1A illustrates a block diagram of a computer that provides theexemplary operating environment for the preferred embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates one aspect of the present invention showing how acollection of real-time location data can be spatially accumulated whilea user/device is on a trip and making a stop;

FIG. 3 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically separating different portions of the trip (i.e., stopped vs.en route);

FIG. 4 illustrates another aspect of the present invention for typicalpresence states and how these presence states would ideally beassociated with the location data for a trip;

FIG. 5 is a pictorial example of another embodiment of the presentinvention for conveying how a common thread or groups of threads isimplemented to correlate various Meta data with one another;

FIG. 6 is a pictorial example of another embodiment of the presentinvention for associating various types of Meta data with other types ofMeta data using temporal threads;

FIG. 7 illustrates a method for graphically retrieving location-relateddata, such as the location history trial, or breadcrumb trail, inaccordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates an actual location history trail of a vehicle'sroutes over a week's time period in accordance with the preferredembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying various Meta data in a Calendar View for a givenmonth and a summary of Meta information for a given day within thatmonth;

FIG. 10 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying various Meta data in a Day View;

FIG. 11 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying various Meta data in both a Calendar View andGantt View, where the Gantt View provides more detailed Meta datarelationships in a temporal format for specific users or devices;

FIG. 12 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying summary information for a particular presencestate;

FIG. 13 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying and retrieving spatial-related information thatis associated with a presence thread using a temporal Gantt view window;

FIG. 14 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying, in a map view format, the retrieved high-levelMeta data for the selected presence thread;

FIG. 15 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically displaying, in a map view format, both the retrievedhigh-level Meta data and retrieved detailed location data for theselected presence thread;

FIG. 16 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically sending or sharing collected and stored Meta data associatedwith the selected presence thread and/or temporal time period; and

FIG. 17 illustrates another aspect of the present invention forgraphically adding spatial-related information, such as origin, stops,vias, and destination (i.e., route end point) points to a route planneror editor which may consist of only high-level Meta data and/or detailedlocation data.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

This present invention relates to a method and system for 1). storingspatial and non-spatial related Meta information, 2). referencing orlinking spatial and non-spatial related Meta information (i.e., stoppoints, images, forms, e-mail or instant messages, voice recordings,waypoints, etc.), 3). retrieving both spatial and non-spatial relatedMeta information, 4). graphically displaying spatial and non-spatialrelated information in a temporal or indexed format, such as a calendarview (i.e., month, week, day, etc.) or Gantt view, 5). utilizing spatialand non-spatial related Meta information with a route or trip planner,and 6). allowing the capability to share spatial and non-spatial relatedMeta information. The details of the present invention will now bedescribed with references to FIGS. 1-17.

Meta information is well known to a person skilled in the art, andtypically refers to the content and location of (environmental) data andinformation holdings. Meta data, or information, is the high-level“overview” or informational abstract that summarizes a particular dataset or institute that can provide access to data. For this invention, itrefers to, but is not limited to:

1. Location Data (i.e., GPS information) 2. Presence (i.e., At Home, EnRoute, Offline, etc.) 3. Stop Events 4. Images 5. Forms (i.e., workorder, questioners, ratings, etc.) 6. Voice Recordings 7. Waypoints 8.Notifications a. Excessive Speed b. Geofenced Event c. Low Battery Eventd. Out of Cell Coverage

The present invention may be embodied in a mapping and real-timecommunication application, such as the “Map Messenger™” application,owned and licensed by Networks In Motion, Inc. of Aliso Viejo, Calif.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 1A illustrates a high-level diagram of one embodimentthat is a suitable computing and networking environment in which theinvention may be implemented. The invention will be described in thegeneral context of an application that executes on an operating systemin conjunction with a personal computer or server, but those skilled inthe art will realize that this invention may also be implemented incombination with other program modules. Program modules typicallyinclude routines, programs, data structures, etc. that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Thisinvention is not limited to a typical personal computer, but may also beutilized with other computing systems, such as handheld or mobiledevices, mobile laptop computers, wireless phones, in-vehicle navigationsystems, programmable consumer electronics, mainframe computers,distributed computer systems, etc., and the like.

FIG. 1 illustrates a network server and client system for sending andreceiving packets of data information, such as GPS location updates orother Meta data such as stop points, images, messages, or the like, andincludes a typical mobile positioning device, such as a wireless device,but those skilled in the art will appreciate that this may also includean optical or wired mobile device. The mobile device 100 includes or isattached via a connection interface 101, to a positioning device 102,such as a GPS receiver. In some embodiments, the position device canreceive position-aiding information by means of a wireless connection,either a separate wireless connection 105 or the primary wirelessconnection 103 that the wireless device uses to send data wirelessly tothe wireless base station 104.

The wireless base station 104 provides the interface, typically aconnection 110 to the Internet, Intranet, or Extranet 111, but thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the connection may include awireless communication network, such as a wireless telephone network.Additionally, other mobile computing devices 107 can also be supportedby the wireless base station 104 through various types of connections106, such as a TDMA, CDMA, or the like. In this embodiment, the localcomputing device where the graphical display of Meta data is shown mayeither be a stationary 108 or mobile computing device 107. In thisembodiment, a server system 125 consists of a XML router 115 for routingthe Meta data, a position device server gateway or connection server 113that connects to various mobile devices, a database 124, with serverconnection 116, for storing the Meta information, a web page serverclient 118 for providing useful HTML capability, such as changing aroster list of users that can send and receive various types of Metadata, and a web server 121 for delivering roster list informationdirectly to the end client in an HTML format. In this embodiment, thevarious primary architectures for routing Meta data include:

1. Local Display of Meta Data (i.e., no Routing of Meta Data) 2.Peer-to-Peer 3. Peer-to-Server, then Server-to-Peer 4. Peer-to-LocalStorage Device, then Local Storage Device (i.e., Peer-to-Peer) 5.Peer-to-Server Storage Device, then Local Storage Device (i.e.,Peer-to-Server, then to Peer)

The first architecture should not send Meta data to an online server forstorage, involving a later retrieval of information from the same ordifferent device or client, or directly to other computing devices(i.e., clients), but only displays them on the mobile computing device's100 or stationary computing device's 108 local display. The inventionprovides the means to collect and process this Meta data without theneed for a connection to the Internet, Intranet, or Extranet.

The second routing architecture is a peer-to-peer (P2P) model. In thisembodiment, a P2P architecture preferably includes a mobile wirelessdevice 100 that obtains its Meta data, such as location updates, throughvarious interfaces. In this embodiment, this interface 101 is connectedto a positioning device 102, but could include a digital camera 102 witheither a Bluetooth 101 or USB 101 interface, all which are known tothose skilled in the art. The Meta data is routed from the mobilewireless device 100, through the wireless connection 103 to the wirelessbase station 104. The wireless base station 104 then routes, typicallyusing an IP (i.e., TCP or UDP) protocol, to the appropriate otherdevice, which is either a mobile device 107 connected 106 using the sameor different wireless base station 104, or is a stationary computingdevice 108, which is typically connected 109 to the Internet, or thelike. The remote peer can also be a server system 125 that wouldreceive, calculate, and store and/or display the Meta data.

The third route architecture is a peer-to-server (P2S), then aserver-to-peer (S2P) model. In one embodiment, a P2S architecture issimilar to the P2P architecture, except that the end device is a server.In this embodiment, the wireless mobile device 100 obtains its Metainformation, such as GPS information, from a positioning device 102. Thediscrete location information is then transmitted 103 to the wirelessbase station 104 that is connected 110 to the Internet 111. The serversystem's 125 positioning device gateway 113 is also connected 112 to theInternet 111, and is capable of receiving location update packets fromthe mobile wireless device sending said packets. Thus the mobilewireless device 100 is capable of transmitting its discrete locationupdate information to the server system (i.e., P2S). The same, oranother client, such as a stationary computing device 108 (i.e., apersonal computer) is also connected 109 to the Internet 111. Thestationary computing device 108 has a connection to the server system125 by means of the XML Router 115 that is also connected to theInternet 111.

When discrete location packets are sent by the mobile wireless device100, they arrive at the server system's 125 positioning device gateway113, and are then routed 114 to the XML Router 115 which then forwardsthe location packets to the stationary computing device 108 via theInternet 111 and the XML Router's Internet connection 120. The discretelocation packets are then sent to the stationary computing device 108 bymeans of a dedicated Internet connection 109, which is the S2P part ofthe third routing architecture. In another embodiment, the peer devicein the S2P portion of the model could be a different mobile device 107,or even the same mobile device 100 that is transmitting the locationupdates.

It should be noted that Meta location data information could also beobtained by means of a server connected to the mobile wireless device100 at its location, thus sending the location update informationdirectly to the Internet 111, or the like, and to the server system 125.This scenario also applies for all of the other architectures of routinglocation update information. As it will be appreciated to those skilledin the art, the position information obtained for calculating thediscrete location information can vary across networks that use varioustechnology implementations, such as E-OTD, TOA, AOA, gpsOne fromQualcomm, SnapTrack Servers, Assisted-GPS, etc., which are known tothose skilled in the art.

Another architecture consists of a mobile device (i.e., where the mobiledevice does not need to be a wireless device, such as a non-wirelessPersonal Digital Assistant (PDA)) which captures the Meta information,such as location information, from a positioning device and stores itlocally, such as in its hard disk drive, optical drive, local memory(i.e., Flash, SDRAM, etc.), floppy disk drive, etc., The mobile devicecan then transfer its stored Meta information to another computingdevice, either stationary or mobile, using various methods. Thesetransfer methods include, but are not limited to, the use of an infraredconnection, floppy disk, Bluetooth connection, removable hard diskdrive, or the like. This architecture is denoted as a peer-to-peer local(i.e., storage device) transfer, followed by a peer-to-peer transfer(P2L-P2P).

A similar architecture comprises of a mobile device that captures Metainformation, such as location history information, and stores it locallyas previously mentioned. At a later point in time, the Meta informationis transferred to the online server system 125 through the previouslymentioned methods, or the like. Once the data is stored on the server,the S2P model can be used to retrieve the stored information. Metainformation can be stored completely on the server and by request betransferred to an end peer client, such as a stationary computing device108 or a mobile computing device 107 using either a wireless 106 ordedicated landline connection, such as an Ethernet cable.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the end clients, such as the stationarycomputing device 108 or mobile computing device 107, can directlyinteract with each other through the provided system, or directly withthe server systems 125. For instance, a personal computer 108 canrequest to view Meta information through a web server application 118that interfaces 117 & 119 to the server system's 125 database 124. Theweb server application 118 can display the Meta information, such as ina Calendar or Gantt view, to the stationary computing device 108 usingits interface 123 to the web server 121, the web server's connection 122to the Internet 111, and a dedicated connection 109 from the Internet111 to the stationary computing device 108. The Meta information, inthis embodiment, is compiled on the server system 125 in the web serverclient application 118 and displayed using the web server 121 to the endclient on the stationary computing device 108 in various graphicaldisplays, such as a web Calendar or Gantt view. The calculation orcompilation of the Meta is not done on the end client 108, but rather onthe web page server client 118 and is displayed using the web server121.

In another embodiment, the Meta information, such as location data, istransferred from the server system 125 to the end client 108 by theprimary means of the Internet 111 and the direct connections thatinterface 120, 122 to the Internet with the end client 108 and XMLRouter 115. The XML Router 115 routes the Meta information to the endclient 108 from its storage place in the database 124 contained in theonline server system 125. The Meta information is then calculated anddisplayed on the end client 108. The online server system 125 isdisplayed as a centralized server system, but can also embody adistributed server system, which is well known to those skilled in theart.

FIG. 1A includes a typical personal computer 150, that includes acentral processing unit (CPU) 173, video adapter 172, hard disk drive157, optical disk 158, serial port 159, magnetic disk drive 163, systembus 156, and network interface 176→177 & 167 & 169→109. The hard diskdrive 157 typically refers to a local non-volatile storage system forstoring large amounts of data, such as map data or Meta data. Theoptical disk 158 typically refers to a CD-ROM disk used for storingread-only data, such as an installation program. The serial portinterface 159 is typically used to connect 161 the computer 150 toexternal devices 160, such as a keyboard, mouse, and graphical touchscreen interface, and also can connect 164 to positioning devices 165,such as a GPS receiver. The keyboard and mouse 160, amongst other inputdevices 165, enable users to input information into the computer 150.The connection 161 & 164 cables can include a serial cable or universalserial bus (USB) cable.

Other input devices, that are not shown, may include a joystick,scanner, camera, microphone, or the like. The magnetic disk drive 163 istypically used to store small amounts data, in comparison to a hard 157or optical 158 disk drive, and typically lacks the data transfer ratesof those other storage drives, but it enables both readable and writablecapability. The hard disk drive 157, optical disk drive 158, serial portinterface 159, and magnetic disk drive 163 are all connected to the mainsystem bus 156 of the computer 150 for transferring data. A monitor 170or other type of display device, such as a LCD display, is connected 171to the computer system's 150 video adapter 172, which is connected tothe system bus 156. Additional peripheral output devices, which are notincluded in this embodiment, such as a printer, speaker, etc., can alsobe connected to a personal computer 150. The system bus 156 alsoconnects to the network interface 176, central processing unit (CPU)173, and system memory 151. The system memory 151 contains both randomaccess memory (RAM) 153, and read only memory (ROM) 152, that typicallyconsists of the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) of the computer,necessary for containing basic routines that enable the transfer ofinformation between elements within the personal computer 150. The RAM153 stores a number of program modules, such as the Mapping andCommunication Program, including Map Data and various other types ofMeta Data, 155, and the Operating System 154 of the personal computingdevice 150 or personal computer 150. One example of such a programmodule 155 would be the “Map Messenger” program previously mentioned.

A network interface 176, shown in FIG. 1A, illustrates typically howdata is transferred between other computing devices 107 & 100 and acomputer 108 or 150 through an Internet, Intranet, or Extranet network111 (all of the networks being well understood by one skilled in the artas to their characteristics and data transfer capabilities).

Additionally, this connection 167 can be implemented using a MODEM 166that is connected 162 to the personal computing device 150 typically byusing the serial port interface 159. In one embodiment, a computer 150can connect 109 to a network 111, such as an Internet, Intranet, orExtranet, by various means that are well known in the art, such as byusing a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) cable. Additionally, a computingdevice can also connect to the Internet 111 by means of a wirelessconnection 106 to a wireless base station 104, where the antenna 174 iscoupled 175 to the network interface 176 of the computing device orpersonal computer 150.

The wireless base station 104 is also connected 110 to the Internet,Intranet, or Extranet network 111 by some means well known to peopleskilled in the art, such as a T1 connection. A wireless base station 104can represent a local area network (LAN) base station, such as that usedin an office building, or a wide area network (WAN) base station, suchas that used in a cellular, Personal Communications System (PCS), 3G, orthe like, wireless phone network.

The Internet, Intranet, or Extranet 111 allows for connection 109 & 110to other personal computing devices 108 & 107, such as a wireless phone,hand-held device, in-vehicle navigation (i.e., telematics device), orthe like. The Internet, Intranet, or Extranet 111 is also connected 112& 120 & 122 to a central or distributed server system 125, however thisconnection is not necessary in a peer-to-peer environment. This serversystem 125 can contain a real-time communication server 115, a webserver 121, and a database 124 where Meta information can be stored andretrieved.

In order to describe the preferred embodiment of how this inventionworks, it is important to illustrate how prior art systems interpretMeta data, such as detailed location data. As a person skilled in theart will appreciate, location data, such as from various fleet systems,is sent to the server using an ASP (Application Service Provider) model,where a server provides the means to collect location data from variousGPS wireless clients. There are various modes by which GPS clientstransmit their GPS data, such as:

1. Delta-T Mode 2. Delta-X Mode 3. Query Mode 4. Geofenced Mode

These various modes describe a certain type of behavior that the GPSclient outputs. For example, Delta-T Mode illustrates that for everyspecified T seconds, a GPS location will be calculated and sent to theserver. The Delta-X Mode illustrates that for a given X distance, a GPSlocation will be calculated and sent to the server. The Query Modeillustrates that a web, desktop, server, mobile client, or the like, canrequest in an ad-hoc manner the location information for the GPS client,where the GPS client would calculate a GPS location fix and send it tothe server for storage and most likely to the requesting client. TheGeofenced Mode illustrates that for any pre-defined boundaries that arecrossed, a GPS position is to be calculated and sent to the server.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, a typical Delta-T Mode is used to send aposition update to the server every T seconds, where T is denoted as 60seconds in this figure. Note that 1 minute=t₂ 208−t₁ 205. FIG. 2.illustrates a graphical map program 201 with a menu bar 200 forcontrolling various functions of the application 201 and a map display202 for displaying spatial information, such as GPS position fixes andgeographical elements, such as streets 228 & 227 & 226 & 206. It shouldbe noted that the GPS receiver sent these locations while the usercarried the GPS receiver while en route 204 & 207, at a delivery stop211, and continuing en route 214 & 216 & 218 & 220 & 222 & 224 asillustrated by the user's breadcrumb trail. The total stop time that theuser was at the delivery stop is defined as t₄₉ 212 & 213−t₃ 209 & 210,or 46 minutes. Then the user continued on a route for an additional 6minutes (i.e., t₅₀ 215, t₅₁ 217, t₅₂ 219, t₅₃ 221, t₅₄ 223, and t₅₅ 225,where 6 minutes=t₅₀ 215−t₅₅ 225). It should be noted that a culminationof redundant location points 211 were accumulated while the user wasapproximately in the same position during their stop of 46 minutes.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, it is possible to categorize the user's tripas first an en route presence state 300 as denoted between the twoboundaries 301 & 302. The second part of the trip can be illustrated asa stop 303 and denoted between the two boundaries 304 & 305. The lastpart of the trip can be illustrated as an en route presence state 306and denoted between the two boundaries 307 & 308.

The user's trip can further be illustrated in a simpler way if presencestates are associated with the various segments of the user's trip. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 4, the first part of the trip can beillustrated as an “En Route” presence 402, bounded by the presencestate's temporal 408 boundaries 401, 409 & 404, 410. The second part ofthe trip can be defined as an “At Location” presence 403, bounded by thepresence temporal 408 boundaries 404, 410 & 406,411. The final part ofthe displayed trip 201 can be illustrated as an “En Route” presence 405,bounded by the presence temporal 408 boundaries 406,411 & 407,412. Anobject of this invention, as those skilled in the art will appreciate,is that the presence states 402 & 403 & 405 can be associated or boundedby a common thread to the respective location points contained with thepresence state's respective temporal 408 boundaries. Thus, in order toreference all of the points at the stop location 211, it is onlynecessary to visualize or reference the “At Location” presence, and notthe entire collection of 47 location points 211.

There are various implementations to provide a common thread acrossvarious Meta information, either directly, such as direct threads orlinks, or indirectly, such as using a temporal range. FIG. 5 illustratesa method for directly referencing Meta data with other Meta data. In oneembodiment, a wireless client 100 connected to a position device 102 andother peripherals, such as a digital camera, can send out locationupdates at either a predefined interval of time (i.e., Delta-T Mode),predefined interval of distance (i.e., Delta-X Mode), or by other outputmodes as known to those skilled in the art. In this embodiment, when apresence state is changed 500, it has some unique thread ID, such as theUTC time (i.e., “Coordinated Universal Time”, Zulu, or sometimesreferred to as Greenwich Mean Time, GMT). This common unique thread(i.e., p1) that is related to this presence 500 is unique in time forthis particular client that also has a unique user ID. Therefore, everylocation point 501 & 502 & 503 & 504 & 505 & 506 & 507 that is sent,stored, or otherwise created by the wireless GPS-enabled client 100 isassociated with this unique user ID and unique thread for referencinglater. Thus, the presence 500 can be referenced to all of these locationpoints 501 & 502 & 503 & 504 & 505 & 506 & 507 directly via this uniqueID 508 & 509 & 511 & 512 & 513 & 514. Additionally, any Meta data thatthe client 100 stores, transmits, or otherwise sends can also beassociated using this common UTC thread ID and User ID, or combined tobecome a common thread between each other. For example, Meta-1 521,Meta-2 522, and Meta-3 523 are defined as two stop points and an image,respectively. Since each Meta information 521 & 522 & 523 can also haveMeta location information associated with it 501 & 502 & 504, it ispossible to reference these primary Meta information using a commonthread 518 & 519 & 520 & 508 & 509 & 511, and a common thread betweeneach Meta information and Meta location information 515 & 516 & 517,where the common thread consists of the User ID for the client 100 andthe UTC time associated with the presence that links all Meta data withthe presence information, since the presence field encompasses all ofthe Meta data within the specified period of time, and the Meta data canreference each other using a UTC time relative to the Meta locationdata.

FIG. 5 also illustrates how two unique presence states 500 & 524, whichare preferably mutually exclusive in time for a particular user ID orclient/device, can have multiple Meta information associated with eachof the presence states 500 & 524. It should be noted that the Meta datathat is associated with each unique presence state for a particular userID cannot be linked with two or more presence states 500 & 524, sincepresence states do not overlap in time (i.e., mutually independent). Forexample, the second presence state 524 has multiple Meta locationinformation 525 & 526 & 527 & 528 & 529 associated 530 & 531 & 532 & 533& 534 with it and multiple other Meta information associated with it 541& 542 & 543, such as a voice recording 541, message 542, and a waypoint543, respectively, where each of these Meta information is directlyreferenced 538 & 537 & 536 to the second presence state 524.

The Meta information associated with the second presence state 524should not be referenced directly to the first presence state 500,however they may have an indirect loose reference, such as having thesame GPS coordinates on the Earth, etc. However, the Meta informationthat is associated with the second presence state 524 can referenceother Meta information that is associated with the second presence state524 directly using a common thread 540 & 539 & 535, such as a locationpoint 526 that is connected with a point in space where a message 542was sent.

In another embodiment, FIG. 6 illustrates how Meta information can beassociated indirectly using temporal boundaries. For example, the Metalocation data 604 & 605 & 606 & 607 & 608 & 609 & 610 can be sent to theserver from a wireless GPS-enabled client 100. This Meta location data604 & 605 & 606 & 607 & 608 & 609 & 610 is mutually exclusive to otherlocation data, however other Meta data, such as a stop condition 612,e-mail message 614, and a digital image 616 that overlap with Metalocation data (i.e., you can take an photograph and associate the imagewith a position on the Earth simultaneously) can be obtained. Thesevarious types of Meta data (i.e., location 604 & 605 & 606 & 607 & 608 &609 & 610 and other Meta data 612 & 614 & 616) can be referenceddirectly using a common thread between each other 611 & 613 & 615. Allof the Meta data has a temporal attribute associated with it. In thisembodiment, the presence 600 illustrated in FIG. 6 has a start time 601and an end time 602, where the end time is the start time of the nextpresence state 603. All of the Meta data contained within the periodbetween the start time 601 of the presence state 600 and end time 602are indirectly referenced with the said presence 600. This is implied,since presence states do not overlap in time for users and/or devices(i.e., unique user ID's). Thus, it is possible to retrieve all of theMeta data associated with the presence 600 by only referencing thepresence's information. The method and system will indirectly referencethe presence state's 600 start 601 and end 602 times to query all of theMeta data (i.e., location 604 & 605 & 606 & 607 & 608 & 609 & 610 andother Meta data 612 & 614 & 616) contained within the said time period.

Conventional systems commonly refer to location data as locationhistory, or a breadcrumb trail. FIG. 7 illustrates a graphical display700 for requesting location history, and the parameters used to requestlocation history for a particular user 702 or group 701 of users for aspecified time period 704 & 705 or a location history query for the lastnumber of locations 703 recorded. As those skilled in the art willappreciate, FIG. 8 illustrates a graphical map display 800 of a locationhistory trail 801 & 802 & 804 for a single user that traveled in avehicle over the course of a week. The vehicle was transmitting itsposition every minute to an online server. The first evident problemwith this prior art system is that a user does not have a-prioriknowledge of the periods of time during which meaningful locationhistory data was stored on the server, so the user's location historyrequest is based on guess of where data might exist. Since this data forseveral trips may overlap in time and space, it is not a simple task toremember when to request data for a specific time period, and if thetime range is too large, or the route was traveled extensively, the userwill obtain mixed trip data within their graphical view.

For example, the highly dense route 803 that is illustrated spatiallybetween the displayed boundaries 805 & 806 includes twenty-four repeatedtrips. Since this location information is staggered in time, specifyingonly a range of time in order to retrieve and view this information isnot adequate to visualize this data properly. It is analogous toreaching your hand into a murky river and trying to grab a specific typeof fish that you assume is present during that time of the day. Youmight get a hold of a fish, but most likely it is the wrong fish, sinceyou cannot see into the water. As people skilled in the art willappreciate, the Location Calendar (i.e., calendar and Gantt view)provides a revolutionary method of viewing high-level Meta data, andproviding the ability to drill-down into the location data of interest,quickly and efficiently.

In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the location historycalendar application view 900 consists of a toolbar 906 that provides amonth view 904, a day view 905, a details view 903, a summary view 902,and a user/group selection drop-down menu 901 for providing a list ofthe available users for which the user of this application 900 hasaccess or permissions to view said Meta information, such as, but notlimited to, location history information. This calendar view displaysinformation for each day 909 of the entire month and graphicallyillustrates the summary information of various types of Meta datacontained for the group or user that was selected 901 for said month.For example, in this embodiment, the displayed high-level Meta dataincludes the number of users for which information is available for thisparticular day 909 and/or selection 901. In this embodiment, this Metadata also includes the number of detailed GPS location points recorded910 and the total number of stops recorded 912 for the user or group ofusers for this particular day 909.

Additionally a graphical bar 913 illustrates the total stop time 915relative to the total moving time 914 that the user/device and/or groupof users/devices recorded for this particular day 909. For other days,when other Meta data is present 916, such as, but not limited to, amessage, voice recording, recorded image, recorded movie, etc., othericons 916 are present illustrating the total number of said Meta dataactivity for the user/device and/or group of users/devices recorded forthis particular day. It should be noted that the icon 916 is displayedto graphically illustrate a broad range of possible Meta data, and isnot specific to any particular Meta data type. When a specific day orgroup of days is selected 917 using a computing pointing device 918,known as a mouse to those skilled in the art, a drop-down window 919 isdisplayed illustrating more detailed summary information for the Metadata contained for this day or group of days that were selected and forthe user/device and/or group of users/devices that were selected 901.This drop down window 919 can also be viewed by selecting theappropriate day and then selecting the summary button 902 in the menubar 906 using a pointing device, known as a mouse to those skilled inthe art.

The summary window 919 illustrates the total number of users that wereused to compile the summary information, where each user is displayed920 as their full name and user ID, denoted here as the NID (i.e.,Networks In Motion ID). The summary information of Meta data 921includes in this embodiment, but is not limited to, the followinginformation:

——Location Calendar Report Summary Information——

1. Total Number of Users 2. Report Period Time 3. Total Hours Worked 4.Total Break Time 5. Total Number of Stops 6. Total Stop Time 7. TotalTravel Time 8. Total Distance Traveled 9. Total # of Locations PointsRecorded 10. Number of Excessive Speed Events Recorded 11. Maximum SpeedTraveled

The location calendar provides a synchronize button 908 that willsynchronize the Meta data from a remote location, either a server and/orother client, from the time of the previous synchronization event to thepresent time. It should be noted that this invention also allows for theability of the application to automatically synchronize the Meta data atsome autonomously scheduled timed or other event, such as when theOperating System (OS) is in an idle state or the application is in anidle state, or any internal or external notification event, such as ane-mail, or mouse or keyboard click from a peripheral hardware device, orthe like. In this embodiment, the application provides the user with theability to jump to the current day by clicking the “Go to Today” button907 using a standard mouse icon 918.

The day view 905 can be viewed in more detail, as illustrated in FIG.10. This new application view 1000 provides a detailed day view 1001 fordisplaying presence events 1008 & 1009 & 1005 & 1003 & 1015 and theirassociated Meta data, such as stop data 1011, stop duration 1012, andadditional Meta data 1013, such as images, messages, voice recordings,or the like. The presence information 1008 & 1009 & 1005 & 1003 & 1015is illustrated in a temporal view 1010 that allows the selection 901 ofa user/device and/or group of users/devices whose Meta data for theparticular day view is displayed.

The user information 1007 & 1006 & 1004 & 1002 is aligned with the Metadata that is associated with their accounts. A summary window 1016 canalso be displayed by selecting the desired presence 1009 and clicking itusing a point device 1014, known as a mouse to those skilled in the art.The summary information 1017 is similar to that displayed in thecalendar month view, however the detailed summary information of Metadata is specific to the specified presence 1009 and user 1006 that wasselected. It should be noted and appreciated by those skilled in the artthat the recorded stops also display, when available, the nearby POI oruser contact list that the stop's location was nearest, thus providing amore detailed report of the recorded Meta data.

The details view button 903, as illustrated in FIG. 11, provides theability, from the calendar view or day view, to open the details viewwindow 1114 named the “Location Calendar Details” 1102. This window 1114provides both a summary and high-level Meta data overview in a temporalformat 1115. This Gantt view allows users to graphically view presenceand associated Meta data for individual users 1108 & 1109 & 1110 & 1111& 1112 in a very concise way. For example, this application window 1114allows a user to specify the Meta data start date 1127 and time 1130 andMeta data end date 1128 and time 1129. Selecting a temporal range willprovide a translucent window 1119 & 1120 that selects and zooms to thebounded temporal request. Within this range are the various types ofpresences. A day's temporal range can also be selected using thecalendar view by first selecting the desired day 1100 and then selectingthe details view button 903. There are presences 1126 that have start1116 and end times 1117, while other presence states extend throughoutthe selected period without any state change. Some presence even havepresence transition 1125, such as a presence state change from “EnRoute” to “Available”, both presence states are online defined presencestates. A presence that transitions from an offline state to an onlinestate and has location Meta data associated is depicted 1116 with the upgreen transition point. A presence that transitions from an online stateto an offline state and has a location Meta data associated is depicted1117 with the down green transition point. A presence transition fromeither an online-to-offline state or an offline-to-online state changewithout location Meta data association has a black color 1118 up or downtransition point instead of green 1116 up or down transition point.

A presence that has a dotted line illustrates that the wireless clientlost wireless coverage for that period of time. The start 1121 and end1122 of the dotted lines also can have location Meta data associatedwith the out-of-coverage presence information, in order to provide moreuseful information about the users' 1108 events for the day. Aspreviously illustrated, a presence 1126 can have other Meta dataassociated with it, such as a stop event 1123. A stop event typicallyhas a start time 1134 and end time 1135 and usually has location Metadata associated with the stop event 1134, since a stop is a singularevent in space, but not time (i.e., it has a time duration).

Additional Meta data, such as an image, voice recording, message, or thelike, is also illustrated in this application window view 1114 by use ofan icon 1124. Different icon images can be used to display various typeof Meta data, however for this embodiment the same icon 1124 was used toillustrate various types of Meta data. The Location Calendar Details1102 application window 1114 is preferably provided with its own toolbar1134. This toolbar provides a link to the calendar view 1103, theability to zoom 1104 to any location-related Meta data contained in thisview 1114 on a map, and the ability to clear 1105 the displayed mappeditems once viewed. Additionally, this toolbar 1134 is provided with afeature 1106 to play, pause, step-through, and skip backwards andforwards to various Meta data events for any particular user and havethis information displayed on a map if location Meta information ispresent. Additionally, this application window 1114 provides the userwith the ability to show any location-capable Meta information on themap 1113 and to generate various reports 1131, such as a stop report, anactivity report, a fuel usage report, or the like, for the specifiedtime range and user.

An aspect of the present invention that needs to be further illustratedis the ability to retrieve detailed location data 1132 for any user,presence, time period, or the like. More specifically, the applicationin one embodiment of the present invention synchronizes itself with theserver for the purpose of retrieving all Meta information, exceptdetailed location Meta data, such as illustrated by the group oflocation points 211 in FIG. 2. As people skilled in the art willappreciate, detailed location Meta data is not very useful, as shown inFIG. 8, since most information about a user or device's location can beillustrated with presence and stop information. Therefore, in thisembodiment, all of the detailed location Meta data (i.e., location datathat is not associated with other Meta data other than by presence data503 & 505 & 506 & 507 & 527 & 528 & 529) is not initially synchronized,but only upon demand or use.

For example, if a user selects, using a pointing device, the presence1126 for Bob Smith and double clicks the selected presence, theapplication will request all of the detailed location Meta dataassociated with that presence from the server and display said detailedlocation data on the map. This example will be further illustrated inFIG. 15. The important factor is that only the necessary Meta datarequired to describe the user's history is displayed and the other Metadata is available upon request. This provides a useful and necessaryvisual tool for conveying information that is not possible in prior artapplications, such as the one depicted in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8.

FIG. 12 illustrates a convenient way to obtain detailed textual summaryinformation 1201, in the form of a pop-up window, or tool tip to thoseskilled in the art, about a presence for a given user over anillustrated time range. The textual summary information provides asummary of the Meta data associated with the specified presence, suchas, but not limited to:

1. Presence Duration 2. Out of Coverage Duration 3. Total Number ofStops 4. Total Stop Duration 5. Total Number of Messages/Work OrderForms 6. Total Number of Location Points 7. Total Distance Traveled 8.Total # of Detailed Locations Points Recorded 9. Number of ExcessiveSpeed Events Recorded 10. Maximum Speed Traveled

In one embodiment, this invention provides the ability to map locationMeta data, retrieve detailed location data, and generate reports usingthe graphical temporal view, such as the Calendar and/or Gantt view. Asan example, FIG. 13 illustrates, for a specified presence, the abilityto show 1301 the Meta data on a map view, retrieve detailed location forany given presence, user, or time range 1302, and generate a report 1303for any given presence, user, or time range.

As shown in FIG. 14, in one embodiment, a user that requests to zoom toand map 1301 a presence causes the application to display a map view1400 and the transition points of the presence that have location Metadata associations, such as the start 1405 of the presence, the stoppoint 1401 recorded during the presence, the image 1403 recorded duringthe presence, and the end of the presence 1404. The map view alsoillustrates the optimized route of the presence to each of the route'sdestination points (i.e., origin 1405, stop 1401, via 1403, and end1404).

In another embodiment of this present invention, FIG. 15 shows the samemap view 1500 of FIG. 15, however the detailed location menu 1302 wasselected for this particular presence. That invokes the retrieval,either locally or remotely, of the detailed location Meta data anddisplays that information on the map 1507 & 1508 & 1509 & 1510 & 1511 &1504 in addition to the origin 1506, stop 1501, image 1503, and theroute end point 1505 that is normally associated with a presence. Notethat the out-of-coverage 1507 (i.e., the location when the wirelessdevice lost network coverage) and in-coverage 1509 (i.e., the locationwhen the wireless device acquired network coverage again) location Metadata points are also illustrated in addition to a location Meta datapoint 1508 that was intended to be sent while the wireless device didnot have network coverage. This point 1508 was queued until the wirelessdevice reacquired network coverage again 1509.

Additionally, other location Meta data points were sent, such as with aDelta-T or Delta-X mode, during the course of this presence 1510 & 1511& 1504. These location Meta data points 1507 & 1508 & 1509 & 1510 & 1511& 1504 are also illustrated in the presence Gantt chart.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides thecapability of sending, saving to a file, e-mailing, and building upon,location and/or Meta data to a single or plurality of users using acommon thread, such as presence information, user information, temporalinformation, calendar information, or the like, and using a graphicaldisplay, such as a Calendar or Gantt chart view, to view theinformation. By sending this common thread to a single or plurality ofusers, the sender grants the recipients the same or limited access (“userights”) to information associated with this common thread for aspecified or unlimited time period. FIG. 16 illustrates how a user wouldgraphically send a common thread to a group or single user. For example,after selecting the presence using a pointing device 1605, such as amouse, a user would either drag-and-drop 1604 the presence to the iconrepresentation of the destination user 1602, typically contained in aroster list group 1600 or as individual users 1601 & 1602. Releasing(i.e., dropping) the presence using the pointing device icon 1603 ontothe desired user 1602 and/or group will cause the thread to be sent.This provides the destination user with limited-access use rights, suchas for a specified or unlimited time period, for information associatedwith this common thread. Conversely, in another embodiment, a user canright-click on the presence and select the desired user from a list ofusers to send 1606 the thread to, similar to the roster list.

FIG. 17 illustrates how a user would add a common thread, such as apresence or period of time to a route planner using a pointing device1700, such as a mouse. In one embodiment, by selecting the presence andright clicking, a term commonly know to those skilled in the art, a newwindow will appear that allows the user to add the summary location Metadata 1702 or the detailed location Meta data 1703 to the route planner.Additionally, the user can drag-and-drop the presence into a routeplanner, similar to sending a presence thread to another user.

It should be noted that the present invention may be embodied in formsother than the preferred embodiments described above without departingfrom the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The specificationcontained herein provides sufficient disclosure for one skilled in theart to implement the various embodiments of the present invention,including the preferred embodiment, which should be considered in allaspect as illustrative and not restrictive; all changes or alternativesthat fall within the meaning and range or equivalency of the claim areintended to be embraced within.

1-33. (canceled)
 34. A machine-readable medium storing a set ofexecutable instructions for causing a processor of a system to perform amethod of planning a route, the method comprising the steps of:receiving presence information including a start time, an end time, anorigin point, and a destination point; determining at least one stoppoint associated with the presence information, each of the at least onestop point associated with a duration indicating an expected period oftime to be spent at the stop point; adding each of the at least one stoppoint to the route, each of the at least one stop point between thestarting point and the destination point; determining a route betweenthe origin point and the destination point, the route including each ofthe at least one stop point; providing direction in response to theroute; and estimating a travel time for the route in response to theduration associated with each of the at least one stop.
 35. Themachine-readable medium of claim 34, wherein the route is optimized tohave a shortest distance.
 36. The machine-readable medium of claim 34,wherein the route is optimized to have a shortest travel time.
 37. Themachine-readable medium of claim 34, wherein the method furthercomprises of receiving supplemental location information to be added tothe route.
 38. The machine-readable medium of claim 34, wherein themethod further comprises the steps of: comparing the travel time with aduration between the start time and the end time of the presenceinformation; and updating the presence information in response to thecomparison.
 39. A system for planning a route, comprising: means forreceiving presence information including a start time, an end time, anorigin point, and a destination point; means for determining at leastone stop point associated with the presence information, each of the atleast one stop point associated with a duration indicating an expectedperiod of time to be spent at the stop point; means for adding each ofthe at least one stop point to the route, each of the at least one stoppoint between the starting point and the destination point; means fordetermining a route between the origin point and the destination point,the route including each of the at least one stop point; means forproviding direction in response to the route; and means for estimating atravel time for the route in response to the duration associated witheach of the at least one stop.
 40. The system of claim 39, wherein theroute is optimized to have a shortest distance.
 41. The system of claim39, wherein the route is optimized to have a shortest travel time. 42.The system of claim 39, further comprises means for receivingsupplemental location information to be added to the route.
 43. Thesystem of claim 39, further comprises: means for comparing the traveltime with a duration between the start time and the end time of thepresence information; and means for updating the presence information inresponse to the comparison.
 44. A machine-readable medium storing a setof executable instructions for causing a processor of a system toperform a method of tracking the location of a mobile communicationdevice, the mobile communication device adapted to communicate with thesystem and provide its own position information, the method comprisingthe steps of: periodically receiving a plurality of locations of themobile communication device from the mobile communication device, eachof the plurality of locations being associated with a time stamp;defining a trip in response to the locations and their associated timestamps dividing the trip into a plurality of presences, each of theplurality of presences being associated with at least one of theplurality of locations; calculating a duration associated with each ofthe plurality of presences in response to the time stamp associated withthe at least one location associated to the presence; defining a statusof each of the plurality of presences in response to the duration; andcharacterizing the trip in response to the status of each of theplurality of the presences.
 45. The machine-readable medium of claim 44,wherein the method further comprises displaying the plurality oflocations on a display of the system.
 46. The machine-readable medium ofclaim 44, wherein the method further comprises displaying the trip inthe plurality of presences and the status of each of the plurality ofpresences on a display of the system.
 47. The machine-readable medium ofclaim 46, wherein the trip is displayed without displaying the pluralityof locations.
 48. The machine-readable medium of claim 47, wherein thelocations of each of the plurality of presences are referred to by thestatus of the presence.
 49. The machine-readable medium of claim 44,wherein the status is one of “En Route,” and “At Location.”
 50. Themachine-readable medium of claim 49, wherein the status of a presence is“En Route” if at least two of the locations within the presence are at asignificant distance.
 51. The machine-readable medium of claim 49,wherein the status of a presence is “At Location” if the locationswithin the presence are in close proximity to each other.
 52. Themachine-readable medium of claim 44, wherein defining the trip inresponse to the locations and their associated time stamps comprisessorting the locations by their time stamps and connecting the sortedlocations.
 53. The machine-readable medium of claim 44, wherein themethod further comprises associating temporal boundaries for each of theplurality of presences in response to the time stamps associated withthe locations in each of the plurality of presences.
 54. A system oftracking the location of a mobile communication device, the mobilecommunication device adapted to communicate with the system and provideits own position information, the method comprising the steps of: meansfor periodically receiving a plurality of locations of the mobilecommunication device from the mobile communication device, each of theplurality of locations being associated with a time stamp; means fordefining a trip in response to the locations and their associated timestamps means for dividing the trip into a plurality of presences, eachof the plurality of presences being associated with at least one of theplurality of locations; means for calculating a duration associated witheach of the plurality of presences in response to the time stampassociated with the at least one location associated to the presence;means for defining a status of each of the plurality of presences inresponse to the duration; and means for characterizing the trip inresponse to the status of each of the plurality of the presences. 55.The system of claim 54, further comprises means for displaying theplurality of locations on a display of the system.
 56. The system ofclaim 54, further comprises means for displaying the trip in theplurality of presences and the status of each of the plurality ofpresences on a display of the system.
 57. The system of claim 56,wherein the trip is displayed without displaying the plurality oflocations.
 58. The system of claim 57, wherein the locations of each ofthe plurality of presences are referred to by the status of thepresence.
 59. The system of claim 54, wherein the status is one of “EnRoute,” and “At Location.”
 60. The system of claim 59, wherein thestatus of a presence is “En Route” if at least two of the locationswithin the presence are at a significant distance.
 61. The system ofclaim 59, wherein the status of a presence is “At Location” if thelocations within the presence are in close proximity to each other. 62.The system of claim 54, wherein the means for defining the trip inresponse to the locations and their associated time stamps comprisesmeans for sorting the locations by their time stamps and means forconnecting the sorted locations.
 63. The system of claim 54, furthercomprises means for associating temporal boundaries for each of theplurality of presences in response to the time stamps associated withthe locations in each of the plurality of presences.